The so-called respiratory muscles are those muscles that provide the motive power for the act of breathing. Thus, although many of these muscles are involved in a variety of activities, such as speech production, cough, vomiting, and trunk motion, their primary task is to displace the chest wall rhythmically to pump gas in and out of the lungs.
The present chapter, therefore, starts with a discussion of the basic mechanical structure of the chest wall in humans. Then, the action of each group of muscles is analyzed. For the sake of clarity, the functions of the diaphragm, the intercostal muscles, the muscles of the neck, and the muscles of the abdominal wall are analyzed sequentially. However, since all these muscles normally work together in a coordinated manner, the most critical aspects of their mechanical interactions are also emphasized.
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Escrito por Anna L. Hudson, Jane E. Butler, Simon C. Gandevia, Andre De Troyer
Escrito por Leandro Marques da Silva , Elizângela de Sousa Monteiro , Bruno Silva Miranda , Clesio Rafael Lopes da Silva , Anne Shirley Menezes Costa
Escrito por Martijn A. Spruit, Sally J. Singh, Chris Garvey, Richard ZuWallack, Linda Nici, Carolyn Rochester, Kylie Hill, Anne E. Holland, Suzanne C. Lareau, William D.-C. Man, Fabio Pitta, Louise Sewell, Jonathan Raskin, Jean Bourbeau, Rebecca Crouch, Frits M. E. Franssen, Richard Casaburi, Jan H. Vercoulen, Ioannis Vogiatzis, Rik Gosselink, Enrico M. Clini, Tanja W. Effing, Franc¸ois Maltais, Job van der Palen, Thierry Troosters, Daisy J. A. Janssen, Eileen Collins, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Dina Brooks, Bonnie F. Fahy, Milo A. Puhan, Martine Hoogendoorn, Rachel Garrod, Annemie M. W. J. Schols, Brian Carlin, Roberto Benzo, Paula Meek, Mike Morgan, Maureen P. M. H. Rutten-van Mo¨lken, Andrew L. Ries, Barry Make, Roger S. Goldstein, Claire A. Dowson, Jan L. Brozek, Claudio F. Donner, and Emiel F. M. Wouters
